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Patented April 19,1881.

N. PETERS. PHOTO-LITHOGRAPHER WASH NGYON D C (No Model.) A 2 sheets-sheen 2.

. J. MAHONY.

Steam Boiler Furnace.

No. 240,434. Patented April 19, 1881.

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N. PETERS, PnoT-UTNOGHAPMER, WASHXNGTQN. D\C,

' UNI-.TED STATES PATENT Ormea..

JAMESMAHONY, OF NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND.

STEAM-BOILER FU RNACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of 'Letters Patent No. 240,434, dated April 19, 1881, Application tiled February 23, l1881. (No model.)

zen of the United States, residing at Newport,

in the county of Newport, in the State of Rhode Island, have' invented certain new and useful Improvements relating to Steam-Boiler Furnaces, of which the following is a speoication.

A supply of air in small streams properly distributed within the currents of hot gases flowing from a boiler-furnace has been long known to be beneficial. lt serves mainly or entirely, by supplying oxygen, to burn the combustible portions of the gases. Steam in limited quantities has also been found beneicial. 1t is not soeasy to determine the precise manner in which it serves.

My invention affords superior means of supplying air and steam in controllable quantities at the right points in the hot currents of gases, with great facility for controlling the supply of both steam and air, and for repairing` the apparatus when the parts exposed to the heat shall become cracked or otherwise defect-ive. I introduce air and steam through apparatus provided .in and connected with the bridgewall or the'parts immediately back ofthe furnace. The parts exposed to the full heat of the combustible gases are formed separately from the stationary parts, and may be readily exchanged. Thesteam admitted in small quantities serves to force in the air. Both are efliciently controlled at will.

The accompanying drawings form a part of this specicatiomand represent what Icon- Sider the best means of carrying out the invention.

Figure 1 is a 'longitudinal section on the line T T, Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a transverse section on the line S S, Fig. 1. The remaining figures represent a modification. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section, and Fig. 4 a transverse section.

Similar letters of reference indicate like parts in all the drawings.

I have represented the invention as applied with plain cylindrical boilers and ordinary grates and appurtenances; but it will be understood that these features, as also al1 the parts not here especially referred to, may be of any ordinary or suitable character.

Ais the boiler; B, the grate; C, the bridge- I wall, performing' its ordinary functions, ex-

tending across at the rear end of the furnaces, and C middle walls separating the furnaces of two boilers. I have marked the interiors ot' the furnaces b, and the tlues or combustionchambers in which the gases are burned bythe aid of my apparatus b.

M M, Sac.. are nearly spherical shells of firebrick, provided with numerous small perforatons, m, arranged as shown Each ofthe shells has an open neck, M', the exterior of which is. tapered to facilitate the production of a tight iit into a corresponding socket in the apparatus through which the air is received. These hollow shells M M are arranged at short distances apart on the top of the bridgewall, and eX- posed directly to the currents Vot' intensely-hot gases issuing from the furnace and How-ing along beneath the boiler.

G' G are a series of sockets, of cast-iron or other suitable material, formed in the tops of a set of chambers, G, which are connected by passages F to a transverse air-duct, E. This transverse duct E receives the air through a longitudinal duct,D, built in the middle wall, C. The induction of air is controlled by a register or other ordinary or suitable valve, D.

H is a steam-pipc communicating with the top ofthe boiler, and extending transversely ofthe apparatus through the bridge-wall and through the chambers Gr, as represented. In the top or side of the pipe H, at about the center of -each chamber G, is a small orifice, h. The How of steam through the pipe H is controlled by a screw valve 'or other valve, H. Vhen the steam from the boiler is allowed to iiow with full force and fill the pipe H up to the boiler-pressure it issues with great force through the orifices h and blows up through the corresponding neck M into the perforated shell M, and issues through the several orifices m. 1f the air-valve D is closed with approximate tightness, little besides highly-heated steam will thus issue through the orifices m and mingle with the gases; but if the air-valve D is partly or entirely open the force of the jets of steam issuing from the oritices h will draw in a large Volume of air and introduce it with the steam into the combustion-chalutier. By closing the cock H partially or entirely the supply of steam Will be correspondingly reduced; but in such case, it' the air-Valve D is open air may tlow unobstructed through the several passages and issue th rough the orifices m; but the quantity of air thus supplied will be less. The jets of steam from the orifices 71, perform two functions: they supply steam to the gases, and thus act chemically to effect the conditions controllingthecombustion,andthey act mechanically to drag along and force out through the orifices fm with the steam a larger quantity of air than would otherwise ow.

The necks M' ofthe shells M are tapered on the exterior, and the sockets G' on the chambers G are correspondingly tapered. When the forms are perfect they will form tightjoints without luting; but under ordinary conditions I prefer to lute them byapplying athin stratum ot' clay wash on the interior of the socket G' and on the exterior ot' the neck M' before applying them together. This being done while the parts are cold, and allowing it time to be thoroughly dried before any intense heat is applied, thejunction is tight and will ordinarily endure as long as the shell.

Modifications may be made in many of the details without sacrificing the advantages of the invention. Parts of the apparatus may be used with some advantage without the others. Figs. 3 and et show the arrangement where only a single furnace is employed. In such case the air-duct E receives the air at one end or both ends, and the attendant has not the same facility' for preserving thc condition of the air-valve D and for controlling it with convenience as in the other and preferable form.

The shells M may be made of cast-iron or other durable metal, instead of fire-brick, it' preferred. The spherical form is important with any material, because it not only better allows the air and steam to jet in all directions, but also because it is not as likely to crack or fail in any manner under the intense heat.

The longitudinal air-duct D may be made in a side Wall, instead ot' in a middle wall, if circumstances shall require it; but I prefer to place it in a middle wall, and thus allow one passage, D, to control the air for two furnaces.

l claim as my invention- 1. The perforated shells M M', in combination with the bridge-wall C, sockets G', chambers G, passages F, air-duct E, and the steampipe H 1L and its connections, adapted to serve relatively to each other and to the furnace b, combustion-chamber b', and boiler A, as and for the purposes herein specitied.

2. The combination ot' the longitudinal airduct D and controlling means D' in the longitudinal wall with the air-duct E, chambers G, sockets G', steam-pipe H h and connections, and with the mason'ry C C' and boiler A, arranged to serve with detachable shells M M', as herein specied.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand at New York city, this 18th day of February, 1881, in the presence ot' two subscribing witnesses.

` JAMES MAHONY. Witnesses H. A. JoHNsToNE,

M. F. BoYLE. 

